Related Papers
Symbiosis as an evolutionary innovation in the radiation of Paleocene planktic foraminifera
Dick Norris
Symbioses are often regarded as an important means for the creation of evolutionary novelty as well as a trigger for the abrupt appearance of higher taxa. The fossil record of foraminifer-algal symbiosis suggests that the appearance of this ecological association contributed to the radiation of Paleogene planktic foraminifera. Isotopic evidence shows that photosymbiosis evolved in synchrony with a major diversification of trochospiral planktic foraminifera about 3.5 m.y. after the end-Cretaceous extinction. In modern planktic foraminifera, photosymbiotic species tend to have more cosmopolitan distributions than asymbiotic foraminifera and a greater ability to withstand periods of nutrient stress. The simultaneous taxonomic radiation and acquisition of photosymbiosis are evidence that the ecological strategy permitted Paleocene foraminifera to expand their niche in pelagic environments by diversifying into low-nutrient surface waters. A comparison of the species longevities of Neogene and Paleogene symbiotic clades suggests that photosymbiosis does not regulate the characteristic rate of taxonomic turnover in clades after they appear. Species longevities are much shorter in Paleocene and Eocene photosymbiotic morphospecies than they are among photosymbiotic Neogene lades; apparently photosymbiosis does not exert a significant control over long-term evolutionary rates. In addition, the absence of a characteristic morphology associated with photosymbiosis in Cenozoic planktic foraminifera suggests that morphology, as with rate of evolutionary turnover, is linked to symbiosis only because of common inheritance instead of a functional relationship. Although the coincidence between the acquisition of photosymbiosis and generic diversification does suggest a linkage between this ecology and the appearance of foraminiferal higher taxa, there is little indication at the present that symbioses control long-term morphological or ecological patterns within these groups after their appearance. Photosymbiosis, and other evolutionary innovations, may be more a catalyst for the differentiation of major groups than a predictable governor on evolutionary rates.
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TAXONOMIC NOTES ON SELECTED LATE PALEOCENE TO EARLY EOCENE FORAMINIFERA FROM EASTERN BENIN BASIN, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Edward Okosun
The taxonomy and morphological features of selected Late Paleocene to Early Eocene foraminifera fromsouthwestern Nigeria (eastern Dahomey basin) have been studied from boreholes and outcrops. Fourteenbenthic and planktic species were identified while two were placed in open nomenclature. The described andillustrated features include costae, anastomosing costae, smooth, fine and coarse granular textures, apertures,pores, pustules and pseudospines. In the planktic foraminifera, normal perforate cancellate and pseudospinosewall texture was identified in Subbotina cf. triloculinoides, Acarinina pseudotopilensis, A. tribulosa, A. aff.Pentacamerata while Morozovella aequa has a strong pustulose (muricate) wall texture. The benthicforaminifera Lagena cf. L. shoponnai and Nonionoyae display fine granular and coarse surface topographyrespectively. The described and illustrated features will be useful in the taxonomy of the species.
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Symbiont 'bleaching' in planktic foraminifera during the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum
Geology, 2013
Philip Sexton
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The Novel Agent PPP Is More Effective Than Traditional Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Causing Uveal Melanoma Cell Death in vitro
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2006
Dewa Komang Tantra
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Evidence and causes of the main extinction events in the Paleogene based on extinction and survival patterns of foraminifera
Earth-Science Reviews. 140, 166-181., 2015
Eustoquio Molina
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The Eocene−Oligocene Transition in Nanggulan, Java: lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and foraminiferal stable isotopes
Journal of the Geological Society, 2021
Wartono Rahardjo
The Nanggulan section in south central Java comprises open marine sediments and volcanic deposits of Eocene-Oligocene age that accumulated in a marginal basin within the young Sunda Arc complex. A new borehole captures the stratigraphy and showcases the exceptional preservation of calcareous microfossils across an apparently complete Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT), a time interval significant for the initiation of continental scale glaciation on Antarctica. Low-resolution benthic and planktonic foraminifera oxygen and carbon stable isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) record increasing δ18O and δ13C in the basal Oligocene, allowing correlation to global records. Isotopic values imply warm temperatures and relatively high nutrients along the SE Java margin. The Nanggulan EOT is a valuable archive for reconstructing ocean-climate behavior and plankton evolution and extinction in the Indo-Pacific warm pool. The borehole also adds to understanding of the early stages of Sunda Arc volcanism.Suppl...
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Impact of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) on Foraminiferal and Calcareous Nannofossil Assemblages in the Neo-Tethyan Baskil Section (Eastern Turkey): Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Reconstructions
Applied Sciences, 2021
Amr S . Zaky
The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO; ~40 Ma), which interrupted for ~500–600 kyr the long-term cooling trend culminating at the Eocene/Oligocene boundary, still requires a comprehensive understanding of the biotic resilience. Here we present a high-resolution integrated foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil study across the MECO from the expanded and continuous Tethyan Baskil section (eastern Turkey) that offers a complete magneto-biostratigraphic and geochemical framework. The five MECO phases identified reveal a transition from oligotrophic (pre-MECO) to eu-mesotrophic conditions, possibly related to accelerated hydrological cycle, during the initial MECO and MECO δ13C negative excursion phases. The MECO WARMING PEAK phase, marking the highest carbonate dissolution interval, records the most striking biotic changes, such as peak in warm and eutrophic nannofossils, virtual disappearance of the oligotrophic planktic foraminiferal large Acarinina and Morozovelloides, and peak...
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Planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, paleoecology and chronostratigraphy across the Eocene/Oligocene boundary in northern Tunisia
Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2017
narjess KarouiYaakoub
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The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (Meco) Impact on the Benthic and Planktic Foraminiferal Resilience from a Shallow-Water Sedimentary Record
RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA
Luca Arena
We present here new quantitative analyses of planktic and benthic foraminifera to assess the impact of the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO, ~40 Ma) on these biotic groups studied along a shallow-water succession rich in larger benthic foraminifera (Sealza, Liguria, NW Italy). The MECO is one of the major Eocene global warming events, characterized by ~4–6°C warming, shifts in the global carbon cycle, and rise in atmospheric pCO2. The Sealza succession is interpreted as the product of a drowning ramp influenced by tectonic activity and provides an exceptional chance to compare biotic variations in shallow-water assemblages with deep-water communities across the MECO. In the section, the MECO interval is tentatively constrained by stable isotope oxygen data and calcareous plankton biostratigraphy. The marked decline in abundance of the epifaunal benthic Cibicidoides across the lower-middle part of the MECO suggests a decrease in oxygenation at the seafloor. Further evidence of ox...
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Planktonic Foraminifera and Calcareous Nannofossil Biostratigraphy Through the Middle to Late Eocene Transition at Wadi Hitan, Fayum Province, Egypt
Mahmoud Faris
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Understanding the changes in the ecological functioning of foraminifera during the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum using biological trait analysis
Dr Celestine Nwojiji
Understanding the changes in the ecological functioning of foraminifera during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum using Biological Trait Analysis Biological Trait Analysis (BTA) has been used to examine the changes in foraminiferal taxa and traits composition during the Palaeocene -Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), 56 million years ago. BTA is a multivariate ordination method used in describing the biological characteristics/behaviour of species and how they are related to the functioning of their ecosystem. It uses a series of life history, morphological and behavioural characteristics of species present in assemblages to indicate their role in ecological functioning (defined as the maintenance and regulation of ecosystem processes). This study investigated benthic and planktonic foraminifera taxa and trait composition from the Pacific Ocean (ODP Sites 1209, 1212B, 1215A), Atlantic Ocean (ODP Site1265A) and Alamedilla section in Southern, Spain. Thirteen (13) foraminiferal traits a...
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The planktonic foraminiferal response to the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum on the Atlantic coastal plain
Marine Micropaleontology
Marci Robinson
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Iterative evolution of digitate planktonic foraminifera
Paleobiology, 2007
Helen K Coxall
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ORIGIN AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE EOCENE PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFER HANTKENINA
The Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 2003
Brian Huber
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Biological and ecological insights into Ca isotopes in planktic foraminifers as a palaeotemperature proxy
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2008
Simone Kasemann
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Early Paleogene planktic foraminifera in thin-sec tions -an ex per i ment on iso lated spec i mens from the Fore-Magura Thrust Sheet (Pol ish Outer Carpathians
Weronika Baliniak
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Taxonomic review of living planktonic foraminifera
Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2022
Geert-Jan A. Brummer
Applications of fossil shells of planktonic foraminifera to decipher past environmental change and plankton evolution require a robust operational taxonomy. In this respect, extant planktonic foraminifera provide an opportunity for benchmarking the dominantly morphological species concepts and classification of the group by considering ecological, physiological and genetic characters. Although the basic framework of the taxonomy of extant planktonic foraminifera has been stable for half a century, many details have changed, not the least in light of genetic evidence. In this contribution, we review the current taxonomy of living planktonic foraminifera, presenting a comprehensive standard that emerged from the meetings and consultations of the SCOR/IGBP Working Group 138 "Planktonic foraminifera and ocean changes". We present a comprehensive annotated list of 50 species and subspecies recognized among living planktonic foraminifera and evaluate their generic and suprageneric classification. As a result, we recommend replacing the commonly used names Globorotalia menardii by G. cultrata and Globorotalia theyeri by G. eastropacia, recognize Globorotaloides oveyi as a neglected but valid living species, and propose transferring the three extant species previously assigned to Tenuitella into a separate genus, Tenuitellita. We review the status of types and designate lectotypes for Globoturborotalita rubescens and Globigerinita uvula. We further provide an annotated list of synonyms and other names that have been applied previously to living planktonic foraminifera and outline the reasons for their exclusion. Finally, we provide recommendations on how the presented classification scheme should be used in operational taxonomy for the benefit of producing replicable and interoperable census counts.
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The planktic foraminifer Planorotalites in the Tethyan middle Eocene
Journal of Micropalaeontology, 2015
RODOLFO COCCIONI
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Integrated Paleocene calcareous plankton magnetobiochronology and stable isotope stratigraphy: DSDP Site 384 (NW Atlantic Ocean)
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2000
Marie-Pierre Aubry
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On the demise of the early Paleogene Morozovella velascoensis lineage: Terminal progenesis in the planktic foraminifera?
GFF, 2000
James Zachos
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Revision of the planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Voirons Flysch (Chablais Prealps, Haute-Savoie, France)
Swiss Journal of Geosciences
Lina Ospina-Ostios
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Planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotope analysis by ion microprobe technique suggests warm tropical sea surface temperatures during the Early Paleogene
Paleoceanography, 2011
Reinhard Kozdon
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Integrated biomagnetostratigraphy of the Alano section (NE Italy): A proposal for defining the middle-late Eocene boundary
Geological Society of America Bulletin, 2011
C. Stefani
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Ontogenetic and evolutionary patterns of shape differentiation during the initial diversification of Paleocene acarininids (planktonic foraminifera)
Paleobiology, 2002
Jean-Christophe Auffray
Abstract Previous studies have established a close relationship between the evolutionary origin of new clades of planktonic foraminifera and heterochrony. Studies of the Paleogene radiation of the genus Morozovella revealed, for example, a temporal pattern of variation consistent with paedomorphosis. Our study focused on the late Paleocene species of Acarinina, sister group of Morozovella.
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Early Paleocene Paleoceanography and Export Productivity in the Chicxulub Crater
Michael Whalen
The Chicxulub impact caused a crash in export productivity in much of the world’s oceans which contributed to the extinction of 75% of marine species. In the immediate aftermath of the extinction, local export productivity was highly variable, with some sites, including the Chicxulub crater, recording elevated export production. The long-term transition back to more stable export productivity regimes has been poorly documented. Here, we present elemental abundances, foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton assemblage counts, total organic carbon, and stable carbon isotopes from the Chicxulub crater to reconstruct long-term changes of productivity over the first 3 Myr of the Paleocene. We show that export production was high for the first 300 kyr of the Paleocene and then declined for the next 700 kyr. This decline is broadly associated with increasing water column stratification. A final decrease in export productivity occurred after ~ 1 Myr. We suggest that increasing upper water...
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Middle to Late Eocene palaeoenvironmental changes in a marine transgressive sequence from the northern Tethyan margin (Adelholzen, Germany)
Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences
stjepan coric
Abstract The northern Tethyan margin is a key region for determining environmental changes associated with the collision of continental and oceanic tectonic plates and Alpine orogeny. Herein we investigated Middle to Late Eocene neritic to bathyal sediments depo- sited during an interval of unstable climatic conditions. In order to quantify paleoenvironmental changes, we developed a detailed age model based on biozonations of planktic foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton, and larger benthic foraminifera. The section at Adelholzen covers the almost complete Lutetian Stage (calcareous nannoplankton zones NP15a-16, planktic foraminifera zones E8-11, shallow benthic (foraminifera) zones SBZ13-15) and large parts of the Priabonian Stage (NP18-20, E14/15), while the inter- mediate Bartonian Stage (NP17) is completely missing. Foraminiferal, calcareous nannoplankton, and macrofossil assemblages were analyzed for changes in paleo-water depth, mixing and stratification, paleo-primary produ...
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Caracterização paleoambiental de depósitos eocênicos da bacia de Sergipe-Alagoas, Brasil, com base em morfogrupos de foraminíferos bentônicos e palinomorfos
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PALEONTOLOGIA, 2015
Denize Costa
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APPENDIX:Planktic foraminiferal diversity: logistic growth overprinted by a varying environment
Acta Biológica Colombiana, 2016
Peter Harries
Cárdenas Rozo AL, Harries PJ. Planktic foraminiferal diversity: logistic growth overprinted by a varying environment. Acta biol. Colomb. 2016;21(3):501-508. The statistical analyses, were done using R (The R Project for Statistical Computing, www.r-project.org).This appendix includes:Supplementary dataSupplementary methodsTables 1 to 11Figures 1 to 4Supplementary references
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Maastrichtian to Palaeocene and Eocene pelagic carbonates on the island of Svetac (central Adriatic, Croatia)
Geologia Croatica, 2020
Tvrtko Korbar
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PLOS ONE, 2018
James Ogg
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Environmental and geomorsphological changes on the eastern North American Continental Shelf across the Paleocene‐Eocene Boundary
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
Marci Robinson
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Evolutionary trends in coiling of tropical Paleogene planktic foraminifera
Dick Norris
Populations of planktic foraminifera display "proportionate" coiling (approximately 50% sinistral and dextral individuals given the data at hand) or may have "biased" coiling, in which populations are dominated by either sinistral or dextral individuals. The major radiations of planktic foraminifera in the Late Cretaceous, the Paleocene to early Eocene, the middle Eocene, and the Neogene were each initiated by clades with proportionate coiling but subsequently accumulated sinistral and dextral species over time. Upper Maastrichtian foraminifera were predominantly dextral, but only the small number of species with proportionate coiling actually survived the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction. The first Paleocene species with biased coiling appeared about four million years after the extinction and gradually came to represent as much as 50-60% of the tropical species diversity by the latest Paleocene. Tropical taxa with biased coiling suffered a second extinction in the late early Eocene and renewed a trend toward an increased abundance of species with biased coiling in the middle Eocene. Our results for the Paleogene reflect a recurring theme in foraminifer evolution. In each radiation. once the founding species of a clade developed a biased-coiling mode, the descendants tended to maintain biased coiling until the extinction of the clade. The iterative evolution of biased coiling appears to represent an example in which a fundamental feature of development becomes fixed in a clade and inhibits reversion to an ancestral state. Apparently, coiling patterns are heritable in contrast with previous interpretations that coiling is environmentally controlled. On evolutionary timescales, species with proportionate coiling are less susceptible to extinction than species dominated by sinistral or dextral forms. Differential survivorship ensures that each radiation is initiated from founders with proportionate coiling following mass extinction. Hence, coiling preferences represent a case where the establishment of an evolutionary trend is caused by drift away from a "limiting boundary," much like the evolution of large body size from ubiquitous small ancestors.
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Advances in planktonic foraminifer research: New perspectives for paleoceanography
Revue de Micropaléontologie, 2018
Daniel Sigman
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Integrated stratigraphy of the Ypresian-Lutetian transition in northern Tunisia: Correlation and paleoenvironmental reconstruction
Journal of African Earth Sciences 110, 176-187., 2015
Eustoquio Molina
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APPENDIX
Acta Biológica Colombiana
Cárdenas Rozo AL, Harries PJ. Planktic foraminiferal diversity: logistic growth overprinted by a varying environment. Acta biol. Colomb. 2016;21(3):501-508. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n3.54218 All the statistical analyses, were done using R (The R Project for Statistical Computing, www.r-project.org).
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